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ๅšๅผˆ่ฎบ

  • ๅšๅผˆ็š„่ฆ็ด 

    • ๅ‚ไธŽ่€… \(\text{(player)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽๅšๅผˆ็š„ๅ†ณ็ญ–ไธปไฝ“
    • ็ญ–็•ฅ \(\text{(strategy)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ๅฏไปฅ้‡‡ๅ–็š„่กŒๅŠจๆ–นๆกˆ
    • ๆ”ถ็›Š็ป„ๅˆ \(\text{(strategy profile)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…้€‰ๆ‹ฉ็š„็ญ–็•ฅ็ป„ๅˆ
    • ๆ”ถ็›Š \(\text{(payoff)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ๅœจๆ”ถ็›Š็ป„ๅˆไธ‹็š„ๆ”ถ็›Š
    • ่ดน็”จ \(\text{(cost)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ๅœจไธๅŒ็ญ–็•ฅ็ป„ๅˆไธ‹้œ€่ฆไป˜ๅ‡บ็š„ไปฃไปท
  • ๅšๅผˆ่ฎบ็š„ๅ‡่ฎพ : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ๆ˜ฏ็†ๆ€ง็š„๏ผŒไปฅๆœ€ๅคงๅŒ–ไป–็š„ๆ”ถ็›Šๆˆ–ๆœ€ๅฐๅŒ–ไป–็š„่ดน็”จไฝœไธบ้€‰ๆ‹ฉ็ญ–็•ฅ็š„ๅ‡†ๅˆ™

  • ๅšๅผˆ็š„ๅˆ†็ฑป

    • ๅˆไฝœๅšๅผˆ \(\text{(cooperative game)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ไน‹้—ดๅฏไปฅๅˆไฝœ๏ผŒๅ…ฑๅŒ่พพๅˆฐๆŸไธช็›ฎๆ ‡
    • ้žๅˆไฝœๅšๅผˆ \(\text{(non-cooperative game)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ไน‹้—ดไธ่ƒฝๅˆไฝœ๏ผŒๅ„่‡ช่ฟฝๆฑ‚่‡ชๅทฑ็š„ๅˆฉ็›Š
    • ้™ๆ€ๅšๅผˆ \(\text{(static game)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ๅŒๆ—ถ้€‰ๆ‹ฉ็ญ–็•ฅๅนถ่กŒๅŠจ, ไธ”ๅช่ƒฝ่กŒๅŠจไธ€ๆฌก๏ผŒๅ‚ไธŽ่€…้€‰ๆ‹ฉ็ญ–็•ฅๆ—ถไธ็Ÿฅ้“ๅ…ถไป–ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…็š„้€‰ๆ‹ฉ
    • ๅŠจๆ€ๅšๅผˆ \(\text{(dynamic game)}\)
    • ๅฎŒๅ…จไฟกๆฏๅšๅผˆ \(\text{(complete game)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ๆŽŒๆกๅ…ถไป–ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…็š„ๅฏ้€‰็ญ–็•ฅๅ’Œๆ”ถ็›Š็ญ‰ไฟกๆฏ
    • ไธๅฎŒๅ…จไฟกๆฏๅšๅผˆ \(\text{(incomplete game)}\)
    • ๅฎŒ็พŽไฟกๆฏๅšๅผˆ \(\text{(perfect information game)}\) : ๅœจๅŠจๆ€ๅšๅผˆไธญ๏ผŒๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ๅฏนไบŽๅšๅผˆ็š„ๅŽ†ๅฒไฟกๆฏๆœ‰ๅฎŒๅ…จ็š„ไบ†่งฃ
  • ๅ›šๅพ’ๅ›ฐๅขƒ

  • \(\text{Nash}\) ๅ‡่กก \(\text{(Nash equilibrium)}\)

    • (ๅฎŒๅ…จไฟกๆฏ้™ๆ€)ๅšๅผˆ็š„ๆŸไธชๅฑ€ๅŠฟ๏ผŒๆฏไธ€ไธช็†ๆ€ง็š„ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…้ƒฝไธไผšๅ•็‹ฌๅ็ฆปๅฎƒ
    • ๅฏนๆฏไธ€ไธชๅ‚ไธŽ่€…๏ผŒๅœจๅ…ถไป–ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…็ญ–็•ฅไธๅ˜ๆƒ…ๅ†ตไธ‹๏ผŒ ๅ•็‹ฌ้‡‡ๅ–ๅ…ถไป–็ญ–็•ฅ๏ผŒๆ”ถ็›ŠไธไผšๅขžๅŠ 

    • ็บฏ็ญ–็•ฅๅ’Œๆททๅˆ็ญ–็•ฅ

      • ็บฏ็ญ–็•ฅ \(\text{(pure strategy)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ๆฏๆฌก้ƒฝ้€‰ๆ‹ฉๅŒไธ€ไธช็ญ–็•ฅ
      • ๆททๅˆ็ญ–็•ฅ \(\text{(mixed strategy)}\) : ๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ไปฅไธ€ๅฎš็š„ๆฆ‚็Ž‡้€‰ๆ‹ฉไธๅŒ็š„็ญ–็•ฅ
    • \(\text{Nash}\) ๅฎš็†

      • ่‹ฅๅ‚ไธŽ่€…ๆœ‰้™๏ผŒๆฏไฝๅ‚ไธŽ่€…็š„็ญ–็•ฅ้›†ๅ‡ๆœ‰้™๏ผŒๆ”ถ็›Šๅ‡ฝๆ•ฐๅ‡ไธบๅฎžๅ€ผๅ‡ฝๆ•ฐ๏ผŒๅˆ™ๅšๅผˆๅฟ…ๅญ˜ๅœจๆททๅˆ็ญ–็•ฅๆ„ไน‰ไธ‹็š„Nashๅ‡่กก